{"id":9588,"date":"2023-10-10T11:21:13","date_gmt":"2023-10-10T04:21:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/43hr.com\/?p=9588"},"modified":"2023-10-10T11:21:13","modified_gmt":"2023-10-10T04:21:13","slug":"ban-da-biet-nhung-gi-ve-cac-nhom-mau-dac-biet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/43hr.com\/ban-da-biet-nhung-gi-ve-cac-nhom-mau-dac-biet\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t?"},"content":{"rendered":"
Nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ee9a kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n
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Nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi gen di truy\u1ec1n. B\u1ea1n th\u1eeba th\u01b0\u1edfng gen t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
Theo American Red Cross, lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 AB(-). Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 1% ng\u01b0\u1eddi da tr\u1eafng s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p h\u01a1n. M\u00e1u B(-) v\u00e0 O(-) c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn \u00edt h\u01a1n 5% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1u kh\u00e1c r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nghe v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn Rh-null r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9a kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean n\u00e0o trong h\u1ec7 Rh. Nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1961 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u1ed5 d\u00e2n Australia. N\u0103m 2010, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u00eam 43 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu n\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Bombay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1952 t\u1ea1i Bombay, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean A, B v\u00e0 H. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u00e1u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Bombay kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
Nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Lutheran \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1945 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n t\u00ean Luteran. Ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh Lu (ab-) v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ba ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c di truy\u1ec1n. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean 250.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u00e1u Lu (ab-) l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t trong 3.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
Rh(-) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ebfm nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ed \u1ea9n khoa h\u1ecdc. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u \u00e2m t\u00ednh Rh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00e1u cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
Hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng k\u00ed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n “T\u1eeb tr\u00e1i tim \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00e1i tim” t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7n huy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u trung \u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n